The Canadian economy has continued to underperform global peers. Declines in per-capita output in seven of the last eight quarters have left average income per person back at decade-ago levels and the unemployment rate rising more than in other advanced economies, according to a new report by RBC Economics.
“Canada is not “officially” in a recession with a high rate of immigration increasing the numbers of consumers in the country, but per-capita gross domestic product and the unemployment rate are more representative of what individual households and workers are experiencing in the current economy, and on that basis, it certainly feels like one.
“The good news is inflation is slowing as the economy softens, and that has allowed the Bank of Canada to begin easing monetary policy with three straight 25 basis points cuts in the overnight rate since June. Interest rates are still at a high enough level to slow rather than aid economic growth. The lags between changes in market interest rates and actual household borrowing rates mean debt servicing costs will continue to rise—particularly for households renewing fixed-rate mortgages that date back to the exceptionally low levels of rates during the pandemic. Still, we look for the BoC to continue pushing interest rates gradually lower, and that will help limit the size of the consumer payment shock and allow for a pickup in the economy in the second half of next year.”
The report said Canada’s labour market is softening at a pace and magnitude that is consistent with prior recessions. But the correction in the labour market looks quite different than usual. About 80% of the increase in the unemployment rate comes from the population aged under 35, and disproportionately from students and new graduates, who take longer to find a first job, rather than layoffs. This is why the unemployment rate has increased even as the count of employed workers has not declined.
“Out east, strong household spending and construction activity continue to bolster economic growth across most Atlantic provinces—including Newfoundland and Labrador (1.5%) which is gearing up for more activity in the oil sector with all four offshore vessels returning to production later this year. An uptick in commodity markets is boding well for Alberta (2.7%) and Saskatchewan (1.9%). Additional pipeline capacity from the Trans Mountain Pipeline Expansion project has boosted the outlook for Alberta’s oil and gas industry, while increased demand for potash has kept the mining industry busy and capital expenditures flowing in Saskatchewan.”